初级会计内容英文作文

呃，楼上的怎么更像是书名或者学习内容……Accountancy (profession)or accounting (methodology) is the measurement, statement or provision of assurance about financial information primarily used by managers, investors, tax authorities and other decision makers to make resource allocation decisions within companies, organizations, and public agencies. The terms derive from the use of financial accounts.Accounting is the discipline of measuring, communicating and interpreting financial activity. Accounting is also widely referred to as the "language of business".[2]Financial accounting is one branch of accounting and historically has involved processes by which financial information about a business is recorded, classified, summarised, interpreted, and communicated; for public companies, this information is generally publicly-accessible. By contrast management accounting information is used within an organisation and is usually confidential and accessible only to a small group, mostly decision-makers. Tax Accounting is the accounting needed to comply with jurisdictional tax regulations.Practitioners of accountancy are known as accountants. There are many professional bodies for accountants throughout the world. Many allow their members to use titles indicating their membership or qualification level. Examples are Chartered Certified Accountant (ACCA or FCCA), Chartered Accountant (FCA, CA or ACA), Management Accountant (ACMA, FCMA or AICWA), Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and Certified General Accountant (CGA or FCGA).Auditing is a related but separate discipline, with two sub-disciplines: internal auditing and external auditing. External auditing is the process whereby an independent auditor examines an organisation's financial statements and accounting records in order to express an opinion as to the truth and fairness of the statements and the accountant's adherence to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), in all material respects. Internal auditing aims at providing information for management usage, and is typically carried out by auditors employed by the company, and sometimes by external service providers.Accountingaccountancy attempts to create accurate financial reports that are useful to managers, regulators, and other stakeholders such as shareholders, creditors, or owners. The day-to-day record-keeping involved in this process is known as bookkeeping.Accounting scholarship is the academic discipline which studies accountingaccountancy.这里是对会计学的定义，来自维基百科。初级会计学应该就是会计学的一些基础理论，相信上面的内容也完全涵盖了，如果有超出初级会计学的内容的话你把它删掉就好了。如果需要更详细的资料请参见参考资料

I have to handle all kinds of finanical data in the accounting report, also I need to stipulate the accounting items.

Accounting: The Language of BusinessAccounting has been called the language of business. Throughout our early education we learned the vocabulary and other basic elements of the English language, or another language, so that we would be able to communicate effectively. The purpose is the same for accounting. Most of you will not become accountants. You may be self-employed or employed by others in a business (a manager, banker, or investor) and will use accounting information, whether you know it or not. In order to understand and to use accounting information most effectively, you must have a solid grounding in its fundamentals. The finer points of accounting are things that you will probably never encounter in your business transactions, but you will know how to read those important financial statements and how to effectively use the material that will emanate from your computerized financial system.Accounting information has been useful for hundreds of years. The double-entry framework was first described in a book written by Luca Pacioli, a fifteenth-century Italian monk and mathematician, although its origins can be traced back another 300 years. The formal structure for processing financial transactions is at least 700 years old.What is the definition of accounting? Accounting is the process of providing quantitative information about economic entities to aid users in making decisions concerning the allocation of economic resources. The process of providing such information necessitates a series of activities leading up to and including the communication of accounting information. These activities are: Identifying the information, measuring, recording, retaining - and then communicating it.In accounting, "numbers" are numbers of dollars. Economic entities means not only all types of businesses, but also hospitals, charitable organizations, churches and synagogues, municipalities, governments, and other organizations whether for profit or not-for-profit. Accounting, as defined here, applies to all of these.Decisions concerning the allocation of economic resources include, among others, whether to buy, sell, or hold investments, whether to extend credit, and whether to manufacture and sell a particular product.The term accounting theory is commonly used, but it has no unified, standardized definition. Very closely related to the realm of accounting theory is the area of measurement. Measurement is concerned with the process of assigning numbers to the attributes or characteristics of the elements being measured.In addition to accounting, accountancy has emerged as a profession, alongside the professions of medicine and law. The study and practice of accountancy requires a broad understanding of concepts in such areas as economics, sociology, psychology, and public administration, as well as in-depth knowledge of specialized accounting areas. The three main fields of accountancy include Public accounting, managerial accounting, and governmental and quasi-governmental accounting. Each of these fields has several accounting specialty and sub-specialty areas.